NZ Curriculum Achievement Objectives for Statistics
LEVEL TWO
Statistical investigation Conduct investigations using the statistical enquiry cycle:
Compare statements with the features of simple data displays from statistical investigations or probability activities undertaken by others. Probability Investigate simple situations that involve elements of chance, recognising equal and different likelihoods and acknowledging uncertainty. |
LEVEL THREE
Statistical Investigation Conduct investigations using the statistical enquiry cycle:
Evaluate the effectiveness of different displays in representing the findings of a statistical investigation or probability activity undertaken by others. Probability Investigate simple situations that involve elements of chance by comparing experimental results with expectations from models of all the outcomes, acknowledging that samples vary. |
LEVEL FOUR
Statistical Investigation Plan and conduct investigations using the statistical enquiry cycle:
Evaluate statements made by others about the findings of statistical investigations and probability activities. Probability Investigate situations that involve elements of chance by comparing experimental distributions with expectations from models of the possible outcomes, acknowledging variation and independence. |
LEVEL FIVE
Statistical Investigation Plan and conduct surveys and experiments using the statistical enquiry cycle:
Evaluate statistical investigations or probability activities undertaken by others, including data collection methods, choice of measures, and validity of findings. |
In this unit you will learn:
1) What is statistics?
2) Graphs of Categorical Data
3) Graphs of Numerical Data
4) Statistical Literacy
5) The Enquiry Cycle
6) Analysis
1) What is statistics?
2) Graphs of Categorical Data
3) Graphs of Numerical Data
4) Statistical Literacy
5) The Enquiry Cycle
6) Analysis
1) What is Statistics?
- The practice or science of collecting and analysing numerical data in large quantities, especially for the purpose of inferring proportions in a whole from those in a representative sample.
- Data can be collected in different ways:
- from the internet, books or public records - from people, either verbally or in writing
- by taking measurements
3. When writing a questionnaire, questions can be:
- open - the person filling in the questionnaire writes their own answers, e.g. their age
- closed - the person filling out the questionnaire chooses their answers from the options given, e.g. male or female
- Data is collected then recorded and sorted. Data can be recorded in a table or a tally chart.
- Data cards can help to sort data, to see patterns and draw conclusions about the data.
2) Graphs of Categorical Data
- Categorical data is data that can be grouped. For example, people's eye colours can be grouped into brown, blue, green and hazel.
- To graph categorical data we can use:
strip graphs, which show the proportion of each group in a line
pictograms, which use pictures to represent the frequency
bar graphs, in which each bar is one group and the heights of the bars represent the frequency of each group.
3) Graphs of Numerical Data
Numerical data has number values
To graph numerical data we can use a:
To graph numerical data we can use a:
- dot plot, which dots to represent the frequency using a scale on the horizontal axis.
- stem and leaf plot, which shows the actual data in order
- time series graph, which has time on the horizontal axis
4) Statistical Literacy
When reading a graph, look at:
- the type of graph it is
- the title
- what the data represents
- what the features of the graph show about the data
LEVEL TWO
The key idea of statistical literacy at Level 2 is arguing from the data. |
LEVEL THREE
The key idea of statistical literacy at Level 3 is being a savvy consumer of data. |
LEVEL FOUR
The key idea of statistical literacy at NZC Level 4 is thinking beyond the data presented. |
LEVEL FIVE
The key idea of statistical literacy at NZC Level 5 is detecting flaws in the investigations of others. |
5) The Enquiry Cycle
Statistical Enquiry Cycle
A cycle that is used to carry out a statistical investigation.
The cycle consists of five stages: Problem, Plan, Data, Analysis, Conclusion.
The cycle is sometimes abbreviated to the PPDAC cycle.
The problem section is about formulating a statistical question, what data to collect, who to collect it from and why it is important.
The plan section is about how the data will be gathered.
The data section is about how the data is managed and organised.
The analysis section is about exploring and analysing the data, using a variety of data displays and numerical summaries, and reasoning with the data.
The conclusion section is about answering the question in the problem section and giving reasons based on the analysis section.
Check out this fabulous websites on the ENQUIRY CYCLE
http://new.censusatschool.org.nz/resource/how-kids-learn-the-statistical-enquiry-cycle/
A cycle that is used to carry out a statistical investigation.
The cycle consists of five stages: Problem, Plan, Data, Analysis, Conclusion.
The cycle is sometimes abbreviated to the PPDAC cycle.
The problem section is about formulating a statistical question, what data to collect, who to collect it from and why it is important.
The plan section is about how the data will be gathered.
The data section is about how the data is managed and organised.
The analysis section is about exploring and analysing the data, using a variety of data displays and numerical summaries, and reasoning with the data.
The conclusion section is about answering the question in the problem section and giving reasons based on the analysis section.
Check out this fabulous websites on the ENQUIRY CYCLE
http://new.censusatschool.org.nz/resource/how-kids-learn-the-statistical-enquiry-cycle/
6) Analysis
The MEAN is calculated by adding the values and then dividing this total by the number of values.
e.g 123, 134, 152, 117, 128 Add up all the above values and divide by the total of values. 123 + 143 + 152 + 119 + 128 = 665 655 divided by 5 = 133 The MEAN is 133. |
The MEDIAN is the middle value, when the values have been ordered from smallest to largest. If there is an even number of values, then add the two middle numbers together and divide the total by 2.
e.g 123, 134, 152, 117, 128 Put these values in order from smallest to largest. 117, 123, 128, 134, 152 The middle value is 128, so the MEDIAN is 128. |
The MODE is the value that appears the most often in a set of data.
e.g 123, 134, 152, 117, 128, 134 The value that appears the most often in this set of data is 134, so the MODE is 134. |
Games
Check out these MEAN, MEDIAN and MODE games. Click on the image and have some fun!
Check out this game...click on the address and have some fun!
http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks2/maths/activity22/activity.swf
http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks2/maths/activity22/activity.swf